Metal open-work fabric.



PATENTED MAR. 13, 1906;

K FA

D JULY13 I J.-F. GOLDI METAL OPEN WOR APPLIaATIoN FILE BRIG.

wi'hwareof UNITED sTATas PATENT OFFI E.

JOHN F. comm e,- OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TOMONOLITH STEEL COMPANY INCORPORATED, A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA.

METAL OPEN-WORK FABRIC.

No. erases.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 13, 1906.

Application filed July 13. 1905. Sria1No.269 5 63.

'a citizen of the United States, residing at' Washington, in theDistrict of Columbia,

-prov'er nents in Metal Open-Work Fabrics, of

which the following is a specification. My invention relates to 'metalopen-work fabrics for "use-in concrete and other purposes of the;character described in my applications, Serial No. 246,608, filedFebruary 20, 1905, and Serial .No. 246,609, filed February 20, 1905 ,andrelates to an improved. form of the mairi'ortension bar; i

. ..duce such abar as can be easily produced by a rolling process, whichwill obtain a very secure hold upon the rods or-supplemental membersthat are to be connected with it, 2 which will guide such rods ormembers into placein the assembling'of the parts during the process ofmanufacture, and which will readily admit the concrete to interlock withit and to hold it against strains which are transverse to the bar. r v fThe invention consists in the parts and combinations-thereof hereinafterset forth and claimed 'g In order to make the invention clearlyundrawings; means for carrying the same into practical effect withoutlimiting my improvehave invented certain new and useful Im-- The objectsof improvement are toproderstood, I have shown inthe accompanying mentsto the precise constructions whichffor the sake of example, I haveillustrated.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is aplan view a portionflof a metal open-workfabric having main longitudinal or tension bars embodying m 1 line IIIIII of Fig. 1 Fig; 3 is a cross-sec-x tion, on an enlarged scale, of-oneof the main 7 improvements. Fig. 2 is asectionon longitudinal'or tensionbars in' theforrn which it has before connection .with the rods orsupplemental members. Fig. 4 is a similar section showing one of said,bars com pressed b y' rolling orswaging and united with connecting-rodsor supplemental membersi Referring to the drawings, A indicates the mainlongitudinal or tension bars, here shown as combined in a .metalopen-work fabric.-

Each bar is ordinarily of steel produced by rolling and has a main bodyorweb 15 and extending from and beyond such main body lips 5. These lipsare preferably formed on both sides of thebar extendingjlate'rally, as

5 5 shown butI have shown in my said a plication howbars having a singlepair of on one side may bearranged and connected in a fabric of thischaracter. Each pair of lips forms a groove or channel 2, in which areinserted portions 4 of rods 3; The compression of the bar by rolling orswaging after the parts are assembled causes the lips to graspsaid-portions 4, and the permanent set'which is thereby given to themetal of the bar retains the rods 3 withgreat force and security. Thecompression of the bar is indicated in Fig. 4, the dotted lines o 1) atthe top and bottom showing the original contour of the uncom ressed bar.

I ave discovered that for the best results it is necessary or desirableto make the grooves 2 and the inner sides of the lips 5 of peculiarshape. If such grooves are made with straight and parallel sides, therods cannot be readily introduced into the grooves in the desiredautomatic assemblin feeding, and rolling process by which thefa ric isproduced. Also it is difficult to roll a bar with such a groove, becausethe roll-flange which forms the groove is too thin and weak at its basewhere it joins the body of the roll and is liable to be broken off byany deviation of the bar as it passes through the rolls. On

the other hand, asimple flaring groove-is liable to wholly or partlyexpel the rod portion 4 when the bar is compressed without the lipsobtaining the desired secure hold on such rod portion; 1' I haveobviated these difliculties .;in the fillustrated construction. Refer--;I 'i 1i*to Fig.f 3,' where the contour of the bar can be'st be 'seen,it will be observed that the base or inner part of -thegroove issemicircular iiircross-section, and thence flares or -.widens'outwardlyalong the lines t at, which 'join'tangentially theouter rounded parts of;,the -1ips 5' I This form .of groove can safely ibe roduced by rollingwithout danger to the rel-flange, such flange having a thick and strongbase between thelines u u. The rod portions 4 can be readily introducedinto it y mechanical assembling or feeding devices, being guided'in bythe converging'surfaces along the lines a. The concrete enters theflaring groove readily to be securely locked, and the initial pressurewhen the bar is compressed is, along the line w, which passes throughthe center as, around which the base of the groove is described, andhas-a tendency to retain rather than expel the rod from the groove.Preferably the flaring lines at a do not begin exactly at the line w,but ratherat the line y, which is just a little distance outside theline w, and from the line w to the line 1 the top and bottom of thegroove 2 (and the inner opposing faces of the lips 5) are at .2 straightand parallel for a thirty-second or sixteenth part of an inch. In thedrawings the distance between the lines to and 1 is exaggerated for thesake oi clearness. The actual perlerred distance depends upon the sizeofthe bar, which ordinarily is from onehalf of a square inch to two and ahalf square inches in crosssectional area.

It will be understood that my present improvements maybe employed intension-bars in structures of the character described in my application,Serial No. 246,609,filed February 20, 1905.

The flaring or widening of the groove 2 begins at points distant fromthe bottom of the groove suflicient to obtain the desired secure holdupon the rods or supplemental members. Thus the flaring or widening maybegin at the ends of the line w or at the ends of the line 3 asillustrated'in Fig. 3, or at points along the lines 2.

- The rounding of the lips 5 at their outer extremities is important notonly for the purposes of facilitating the insertion of the rods '3 andthe entrance of the concrete,-but also to prevent the cutting orcracking of the set concrete by any edges of the tension-bars whichmight be caused by shocks or strains which the concrete and the metalopen-work structure resist unequally.

. My improvement includes bars having grooves the bottoms of which areformed-on elliptical, oval, or other than circular curves, the latterform being that Which is illustrated.

At C is shown a portion of the body of concrete in which is embedded thestructure illustrated in Fig. 1.

In the preferred construction of the bar A the lips 5 are formed ofsubstantially the same thickness as the width of the intermediate grooveand of substantially the same contour, reversed, as the groove.

What I claim is 1. In combination with a body of concrete, cement or thelike, a longitudinal tension bar. or member havin lips extending fromand beyond the main ody of the bar, said lips forming a continuousgroove which flares or widens outwardly substantially as and for thepurposes described, and a rodor supplemental member secured in saidgroove by the compression of the bar, the concrete entering within theopen portions of said groove and embedding said lips.

2. A metal open-work structure for use in concrete and other purposes,consisting of longitudinal tension bars or members each having lipsextending from and beyond the main body .of the bar said lips forming acontinuous groove which flares or widens outwardly, and a rod orsupplemental member secured 111 said grooves by the compression of i themetal of the bars and securely connecting the bars, substantially as andfor the pur poses described.

3. A metal open-work structure for use in concrete and other purposes,consisting of a longitudinal tension bar or member having lips extendingfrom and beyond the main body of the bar, said lips forming a groovewhich flares or widens outwardly the flaring or widening beginning atpoints distant from the bottom of the groove a distance equalsubstantially to half the width of the groove,

the bars and secure y connecting the bars,

substantially, as and for the purposes described.

5. A metal open-work structure for usein concrete and other purposes,consisting of a longitudinal tension bar or .member having lipsextending from and beyond the mainv body of the bar,.and a rod orsupplemental.

member securedbetween the lips by. the compression of the bar, said lipsforming a groovewhich flares or widens'outwardly from points at orbeyond the middle of the secured portion of the rod or supplementalmember, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. An element for sizmetal open-Work structure for use in concrete andother purposes, consistin of a longitudinal tension bar. or

member aving lips which extend from and beyond the main body of the barand are adapted for the securing of rods orsu plemental members by thecompression or the bar, and lips forming a continuous groove which iscurved at its bottom and thence flares or widens outwardly substantiallyas and for the purposes described.

7. A structural element for metal openwork, for use in concrete andother purposes, consistin of a longitudinal tension bar or member avinglips whiehextend from and beyond the main body of the bar formingcontinuous grooves and are adapted for the securing of rods orsupplemental members, by the compression of the bar, the outerextremities of the lips being rounded, substan tially as and for thepurposes described.-

8. A structural element for'fiin'etal openwork, for use in concrete andother purposes, consisting of a longitudinal orii'tensi onbar havinglips 2", which extend at intervals from and beyond the main body of thebar forming continuous grooves and are adapted for the securing of rodsor supplemental members by the compression of the bar, substantially asand for the pur oses described.

9. In combination wit 1 a body of concrete, cement or the like, astrengthening metal bar formed on its sides with continuous grooves, andwith lips 5 at the sides of the grooves of substantially the samethickness as the width of the grooves, said grooves flaring outwardlyand the lips being rounded at their outer parts and embedded in saidbody of concrete, which enters said grooves, substantially as and forthe purposes described. 7, W

10. In combination With a body of concrete, cement or the like, astrengthening metal bar formed on its sides with continuous grooveswhich flare or widen outwardly, the flaring or widening beginning atpoints distant from the bottoms of the grooves a space substantiallyequal to half the width of the groove, and rounded'lips 5 at the sidesof the grooves, the concrete entering within the grooves and embeddingsaid lips, substantially as and for the, purposes described.

11. A strengthening-bar for use in concrete, cement and the like formedon its sides with grooves and with lips 5 at the sides of the grooves ofsubstantially the same thickness as the'widtlfof the grooves, saidgrooves flaring outwardly and the lips being rounded at their outerparts, the depth of the grooves below the flaring portions being greaterthan the radii of the grooves, substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

12. A strengthening metal bar for use in concrete, cement and the likeformed, on its sides with grooves and with lips 5 at the sides of thegrooves, which lips are of substantially the same thickness as the widthof the groove and of substantially the same contour as the groove, saidgrooves flaring outwardly and the lips=being rounded at their outerparts, the depth of the grooves below the flaring portions being greaterthan the radii of the grooves, substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature-

